study guide notes last slides

Once Julius Caesar was assassinated his grandnephew Octavian took the throne at age 18
Octavian forced Lepidus to retire from his position
Mark Antony and Octavian become rivals
Mark Antony teamed up with Cleopatra of Egypt
Octavian won the battle between the two called the Battle of Actium
Octavian is now the unchallenged leader of Rome after disposing of Mark Antony
He was given the title of the "imperator" Which means that he is the supreme military leader.
Rome becomes an empire not a republic
Octavian ruled for 40 years and began era known as Pax Romana
Octavian expanded the roman empire further into Africa
He later died of natural causes
after Octavian died a period began of rulers that were in control consecutively
Tiberius rules for about 23 years he was a good general but reluctant emperor
Caligula ruled for 4 years
he had to struggle to get his rule after Tiberius died.
he was assassinated by a group of guards

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