study guide notes last slides
Once Julius Caesar was assassinated his grandnephew Octavian took the throne at age 18 Octavian forced Lepidus to retire from his position Mark Antony and Octavian become rivals Mark Antony teamed up with Cleopatra of Egypt Octavian won the battle between the two called the Battle of Actium Octavian is now the unchallenged leader of Rome after disposing of Mark Antony He was given the title of the "imperator" Which means that he is the supreme military leader. Rome becomes an empire not a republic Octavian ruled for 40 years and began era known as Pax Romana Octavian expanded the roman empire further into Africa He later died of natural causes after Octavian died a period began of rulers that were in control consecutively Tiberius rules for about 23 years he was a good general but reluctant emperor Caligula ruled for 4 years he had to struggle to get his rule after Tiberius died. he was assassinated by a group of guards